Like many others I have had a ton of problems with OneDrive after I updated to Windows 8.1. Right before I was going to reinstall the entire OS, I did one last deep dive and actually found a fix from Microsoft.
It’s basically a little application that resets your OneDrive configuration, and since I have messed around with mine to no end, it was pretty messed. Anyway, running this little utility seemed to do the trick, even though it took a few tries.
Check out this link from Microsoft and download the utility to get your OneDrive up and running again.